Climatico focuses its national analysis on the G20 along with nations whose voices have played a large role in the climate change dialogue. In addition, we aim to increasingly lend coverage to smaller nations whose representation may not be as loud but whose people, livelihood, and survival are increasingly under threat by the impacts of climate change.

Select a country on the left side of your screen to read a summary of policy facts and recent posts or select from the Category drop down menu on your right to see extended post coverage.

AustraliaBrazilCanadaChinaEuropean UnionFranceGermanyIndiaItalyJapanMexicoNew ZealandRussiaSouth AfricaUnited KingdomUnited States

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		5%-25% (2000)
	2050 Reduction Target:		60% (2000)
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$589M ($599M AUD)
	Leader:		Julia Gillard, Prime Minister
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• Two steps forward, one step back… (1 April 2012)
• Australia and international offsets (15 March 2012)
• A new year, a new carbon price (23 January 2012)
• Filling the Skills Gaps (3 April 2011)
• Australia’s climate policy backlash (7 February 2010)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Non Annex I
	Voluntary 2020 Reduction Target:		36-39% (BAU)
	Voluntary Deforestation Reduction Target:		70% (BAU) by 2017, 80% reduction in Amazon deforestation by 2020.
	Leader:		Dilma Rousseff, President
	National Communication:		Second National Communication

Recent Posts:

• Brazil approves bill to amend Forest Code (27 May 2011)
• Brazil’s emission numbers released (7 November 2010)
• The BASIC countries and Cancun (11 August 2010)
• ‘No money, no deal’; will developing nations take a hard stance at Copenhagen? (3 December 2009)
• France & Brazil: A common call to climate change action in the Amazon! (30 November 2009)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		17% (2005), to be aligned with the final economy-wide emissions target of the US in enacted legislation.
	2050 Reduction Target:		51-63% (1990)
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$396M ($400CAD)
	Leader:		Stephen Harper, Prime Minister
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• Disappointment as Canada says it will withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol (3 December 2011)
• Japan Renewable Feed-in-Tariff Passes, While Ontario Faces Battles (7 September 2011)
• What does Canada’s stunning new politics mean for climate change? (5 May 2011)
• Canada’s boreal forest pulled in different directions by Pew study, Japan earthquake (17 March 2011)
• Canada creates largest ever sustainable forest agreement (22 June 2010)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Non Annex I
	Voluntary 2020 Reduction Target:		40-45% carbon intensity (2005)
	Leader:		Hu Jintao, President
	National Communication:		First National Communication

Recent Posts:

• The Double-Edged Sword of Rare Earths (22 February 2012)
• A Surprise Ending for Durban (Almost) (11 December 2011)
• The End of Durban May Mean the End of Kyoto (8 December 2011)
• India Rejects EU Plan for New Treaty After Kyoto (4 December 2011)
• Disappointment as Canada says it will withdraw from the Kyoto Protocol (3 December 2011)

Economic and Political Union, 27 Member States

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		20-30% (1990)
	2050 Reduction Target:		80% (1990)
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$9595M, aggregate (€ 7200M)
	Leader:		Herman Van Rompuy, President (European Council); José Manuel Barroso, President (European Commission); Viktor Orbán, President (Council of the EU); Jerzy Buzek, President (European Parliament)
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• Can auctioning rescue the EU ETS market? (27 March 2012)
• The new market in EU aviation allowances – trouble ahead? (8 March 2012)
• The future of international emissions credits in the EU ETS (20 January 2012)
• A step closer to saving the emissions market at Durban: encouraging outcomes on the AAU surplus and linkage (14 December 2011)
• A Surprise Ending for Durban (Almost) (11 December 2011)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		20-30% (1990), collectively with EU.
	2050 Reduction Target:		80% (1990)
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$1,697M (€ 1,260M)
	Leader:		Nicolas Sarkozy, President; François Fillon, Prime Minister
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• Nuclear is Drying out in France – Nuclear faces an extreme drought (20 June 2011)
• “Paris Invented” under Global Warming Scenario (8 January 2011)
• Local Actions on climate change: France in Focus (22 November 2010)
• France Invests in Low-Carbon Technology Development (28 September 2010)
• France has prepared for positive Bonn outcome (6 June 2010)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		40% (1990). 20-30% (1990), collectively with EU.
	2050 Reduction Target:		80% (1990).
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$1,680M (€ 1,260M)
	Leader:		Christian Wulff, President; Angela Merkel, Chancellor
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• The Double-Edged Sword of Rare Earths (22 February 2012)
• Japan Renewable Feed-in-Tariff Passes, While Ontario Faces Battles (7 September 2011)
• Germany to close all of its nuclear plants (9 June 2011)
• Can We Wait for Policies? Skills for the Green Economy (8 March 2011)
• If Germany is a leader on climate change it hides it well (16 November 2009)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Non Annex I
	Voluntary 2020 Reduction Target:		20-25% (2005)
	Leader:		Pratibha Patil, President
	National Communication:		First National Communication

Recent Posts:

• India Rejects EU Plan for New Treaty After Kyoto (4 December 2011)
• The G77 unlikely to get Kyoto II at COP-17 (27 November 2011)
• The BASIC countries and Cancun (11 August 2010)
• ‘No money, no deal’; will developing nations take a hard stance at Copenhagen? (3 December 2009)
• Further Delays for the US Climate Bill (21 September 2009)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		20-30% (1990), collectively with EU.
	2050 Reduction Target:		80% (1990).
	Leader:		Giorgio Napolitano, President; Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• What next for the G8? (9 July 2009)
• The G8 agrees to avoid cooking the planet… (8 July 2009)
• The Alps Divided: National Borders Altered Due to Climate Change (29 June 2009)
• The outcomes: what did the G20 achieve for Climate Change? (3 April 2009)
• The G20 Summit – A Day in Review ()

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		25% (1990)
	2050 Reduction Target:		80% (1990)
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$15,000M
	Leader:		Naoto Kan, Prime Minister
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• The Double-Edged Sword of Rare Earths (22 February 2012)
• Japan Renewable Feed-in-Tariff Passes, While Ontario Faces Battles (7 September 2011)
• UN Security Council debate inches climate and security forward (21 July 2011)
• Kan’s ’10,000 solar panel installation’ proposition off-hand (8 June 2011)
• Japan likely to abandon its mid-term GHG reduction target (7 June 2011)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Non Annex I
	Voluntary 2020 Reduction Target:		30% (BAU)
	Voluntary 2050 Reduction Target:		50% (BAU)
	Leader:		Felipe Calderón, President
	National Communication:		Fourth National Communication (Spanish)

Recent Posts:

• Mexico proposes ambitious law on climate change (23 July 2010)
• Mexico’s social protection policies: can they tackle climate risks? (3 March 2010)
• Mexico’s vulnerability to hurricane risk (7 February 2010)
• What next for the G8? (9 July 2009)
• The outcomes: what did the G20 achieve for Climate Change? (3 April 2009)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		10-22% (1990)
	2050 Reduction Target:		50% (1990)
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$12.6M (NZD) between 2005-2008.
	Leader:		John Phillip Key, Prime Minister
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• Anticipating the Changes to New Zealand’s Emissions Trading Scheme (10 August 2011)
• Rising from the Rubble: Green Opportunities (20 March 2011)
• New Directions: An Oblique Approach to New Zealand Climate Policy (1 February 2011)
• Up in the Air: The Battle Over Project Hayes (27 September 2010)
• No Mining. No Nuclear. No Carbon? (11 September 2010)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		GHG: 15-25% (1990). Energy Intensity: 40% (2007).
	Leader:		Dmitry Medvedev, President; Vladimir Putin, Prime Minister
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• What next for the G8? (9 July 2009)
• The outcomes: what did the G20 achieve for Climate Change? (3 April 2009)
• The G20 Summit – A Day in Review ()

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Non Annex I
	Voluntary 2020 Reduction Target:		34% (BAU)
	Voluntary 2025 Reduction Target:		42% (BAU)
	Leader:		Jacob Zuma, President
	National Communication:		First National Communication

Recent Posts:

• The BASIC countries and Cancun (11 August 2010)
• South Africa’s Minister of Tourism tipped for UNFCCC top job (12 May 2010)
• ‘No money, no deal’; will developing nations take a hard stance at Copenhagen? (3 December 2009)
• African countries to receive over $1 billion in climate finance (6 November 2009)
• Financing change – can the Roundtable in Cape Town deliver hope before Copenhagen? (21 October 2009)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		Yes
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Reduction Target:		34% (1990). 20-30% (1990), collectively with EU.
	2050 Reduction Target:		80% (1990)
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$2368M (£1,500M)
	Leader:		David Cameron, Prime Minister
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• Can auctioning rescue the EU ETS market? (27 March 2012)
• When it comes to traffic pollution, the UK is still the dirty old man of Europe (13 October 2011)
• A carbon price floor – tax or trade? (19 September 2011)
• UN Security Council debate inches climate and security forward (21 July 2011)
• UK government’s plans for coal power are an ‘unlawful backward-step’ (8 April 2011)

	Party to the Convention:		Yes
	Party to the Protocol:		No
	UNFCCC Status:		Annex I
	2020 Target:		17% (2005)
	2050 Target:		83% (2005)
	Fast-Start Pledge:		$3,429M
	Leader:		Barack Obama, President
	National Communication:		Fifth National Communication

Recent Posts:

• A Surprise Ending for Durban (Almost) (11 December 2011)
• The End of Durban May Mean the End of Kyoto (8 December 2011)
• India Rejects EU Plan for New Treaty After Kyoto (4 December 2011)
• The G77 unlikely to get Kyoto II at COP-17 (27 November 2011)
• Is China on the Path to Equal Parts Environmental Protection and Economic Growth? (31 October 2011)